Data Protection Impact Assessment Under DPDPA

Data Protection Impact Assessments are mandatory for Significant Data Fiduciaries before undertaking high-risk processing. Unlike GDPR which mandates DPIA based on processing characteristics, DPDPA ties the requirement to SDF classification. This article examines DPIA triggers, methodology, and documentation requirements.

DPIA obligation arises for Significant Data Fiduciaries undertaking processing likely to result in high risk to data principal rights. The dual trigger means standard Data Fiduciaries face no DPIA mandate regardless of risk. SDF classification combined with high-risk processing activates the requirement. Pre-processing completion is mandatory.

Rule 13 provides guidance on high-risk indicators: systematic and extensive profiling with significant effects, large-scale processing of sensitive data, systematic monitoring of public spaces, processing involving vulnerable groups including children, and use of innovative technologies like AI/ML. Multiple indicators strengthen the high-risk classification.

A compliant DPIA must include: systematic description of processing operations and purposes, assessment of necessity and proportionality, evaluation of risks to data principal rights and freedoms, and measures to address risks including safeguards and security mechanisms. Stakeholder consultation may be required for certain processing types.

DPIA documentation must be retained for regulatory audit purposes. Review triggers include: significant changes to processing, new risk factors identified, technological changes affecting risk profile, and periodic scheduled review. The DPO should be consulted during DPIA conduct and review.